Roles of the RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/AKT pathways in malignant transformation and drug resistance
JA McCubrey, LS Steelman, SL Abrams, JT Lee… - Advances in enzyme …, 2006 - Elsevier
The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/AKT signaling cascades play critical roles in the
transmission of signals from growth factor receptors to regulate gene expression and
prevent apoptosis. Components of these pathways are mutated or aberrantly expressed in
human cancer (eg, Ras, B-Raf, PI3K, PTEN, Akt). Also, mutations occur at genes encoding
upstream receptors (eg, EGFR and Flt-3) and chimeric chromosomal translocations (eg,
BCR-ABL) which transmit their signals through these cascades. These pathways interact …
transmission of signals from growth factor receptors to regulate gene expression and
prevent apoptosis. Components of these pathways are mutated or aberrantly expressed in
human cancer (eg, Ras, B-Raf, PI3K, PTEN, Akt). Also, mutations occur at genes encoding
upstream receptors (eg, EGFR and Flt-3) and chimeric chromosomal translocations (eg,
BCR-ABL) which transmit their signals through these cascades. These pathways interact …
