A global perspective on the crosstalk between saturated fatty acids and Toll-like receptor 4 in the etiology of inflammation and insulin resistance

B Li, JCK Leung, LYY Chan, WH Yiu… - Progress in Lipid …, 2020 - Elsevier
Obesity is featured by chronic systemic low-grade inflammation that eventually contributes to
the development of insulin resistance. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an important mediator
that triggers the innate immune response by activating inflammatory signaling cascades.
Human, animal and cell culture studies identified saturated fatty acids (SFAs), the dominant
non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) in the circulation of obese subjects, as non-microbial
agonists that trigger the inflammatory response via activating TLR4 signaling, which acts as …